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The Dark Side of Winsock
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Written by Jonathan Levin   
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Analyzing Malicious Code - Disassembly with a time constraint

One of the most common examples of reverse engineering is malicious code analysis. In order to clean up after, and prevent further infection by a piece of malicious code, it must be analyzed. Such analysis is often used for generating IDS signatures, detemining exploits used (and hence which patches would be required) and writing detection modules for antivirus software. Usually, this must be done in as little time as possible.

This presentation will cover two examples of popular Windows malicious code. This will include how to unpack or decrypt it, using IDA Pro to disassemble it, and finding the most important pieces first. The speaker will demonstrate which steps to perform first, in order to perform the quickest analysis. Some knowledge of Intel assembly and Windows programming will be of benefit to attendees, but is not required. The presentation will feature a special guest to discuss packers and cryptors.

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The Winsock SPI, or Service Provider Interface, has been a part of Winsock since the advent of version 2.0. It enables providers to extend the Winsock API transparently, by installing their own hooks and chains to application API calls. However, its formidable capabilities are not put to widespread use... aside from spyware.

This lecture begins with a brief overview of the Windows TCP/IP Stack - reviewing the terminology, From NDIS to Winsock 2. We then delve further to explore Winsock, recapping the standard (Berkeley-Derived) API calls and their semantics.

Going "Under the Hood" of Winsock, we next explore the Service Provider Interface, and its potent use to extend (or spy on) the Winsock calls. We next show the unbearable lightness of intercepting DNS lookups and UDP/TCP based communication by a hidden DLL.

Finally, we conclude by trying to discuss countermeasures to this insidious channel. Download: pdf The Dark Side of Winsock

Download: pdf The Dark Side of Winsock